Referthermo : Ceramic Thermal History Measurement Sensor produced

“Referthermo”, Ceramic Thermal History Measurement Sensor produced by Japan Fine Ceramic Center

2 About Japan Fine Ceramic Center As a part of Japan’s Advanced Material Promotion Project, in 1985, JFCC was established under the supervision of the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry, now known as the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI). ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.

3 About Referthermo • Referthermo is a standard reference material with highly precise material composition, granularity and compact density, used for controlling the condition of the firing process within the kiln. • Ceramics is known to be a material similar to pottery and is now widely used as an industrial product in various circumstances of the industrial world. Over the years, ceramics developed in both the extent of its use as well as the quality and reliability, increasing the need of an improved quality control under high temperature firing process. • Firing process is typically controlled by monitoring the thermal profile, but in most cases the actual thermal history of the products in the kiln varies depending on many factors such as the type of kiln and/or the heat capacity. • Referthermo enables to verify the thermal uniformity of the firing process by simply measuring the dimensional change after heating it along with the product being manufactured. • Referthermo provides five different types to cover various temperature ranges between 600Deg.C and 1700Deg.C. ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.

4 Where to be used / When to be applied? • Any firing Process where quality control is strictly required such as Fine Ceramics, Sanitary ware, Pottery, Porcelain and so on. • High temperature heat treatment process ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.

5 Purposes and Applications Purposes Applications ◇Managing the firing processes to arrive at the optimal product quality and to assess the thermal performance and characteristics of a kiln ◇Determine the optimal run on parameters, such as temperature profile, control of a kiln, Process control & shelf layout and the performance evaluation of the kiln parts Optimization ◇Monitoring the firing processes ◇Determine differences in load capacity of the kiln ◇Determine differences in the thermal characteristics whenever a new product or process has to be introduced, or after maintenance of kilns Trouble shooting / ◇Monitoring the thermal performance of the kiln Detecting Abnormality ◇Failure evaluation of the kiln parts ◇Failure evaluation of the heat core or thermo-couples Yield improvement ◇Fine-tuning of the process settings ◇Optimization of the energy consumption Improvement of product ◇Quality control can be reduced as a start and may eventually be reduced further to quality sampling level only or even abandoned completely. ◇The number of products can be reduced in inspection. It may finally lead to elimination of Reduction of inspection the product testing completely. time & costs ◇The sampling rate may be reduced to a bare minimum, reducing the inspection effort to a minimum. Quality Assurance ◇ Can be described as a method of statistic quality control in Xbar-R chart ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.

6 Fundamental principle of Referthermo & How to use • Referthermo is obtained by being pressed in the predetermined shape with ceramic powders such as alumina. As well as a common ceramics, when heat treatment is given, it is going to shrink and dense, and finally become dense ceramics. • The dimension can be measured with a micrometer as shown below chart#1. ( * Please note that it should be measured after being left at room temperature more than a hour. ) • Referthermo is a practical reference material in which raw material composition, particle distribution, molding density and so on are strictly controlled, and is a thermal history measurement senor utilizing a phenomenon of shrink and dense with good reproducibility according to firing conditions and thermal history. Chart#1 measurement point of Referthermo ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.

7 Effective use of the calculating table 1. The table sheet is made in use of temperature profile at 200Deg.C/hour rising, 2 hours retention and 300Deg.C/hour falling. 2. The index temperature is different from the actual temperature because of the different temperature profiles. 3. If you want to use the actual temperature as a index, you have to make your own table sheet by using your temperature profile so that you can make further accurate process control in your firing process. 4. Further, you can use the difference between actual temperature and index temperature as a corrective value of the temperature if you use it in narrow range. ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.

8 Table 1. Temperature conversion table (Dimension- Temperature) Produced by JFCC RT-M Dimension Index Dimension Index Index Index mm temperature mm temperature Dimension mm temperature Dimension temperature LOT. #6GO4 mm℃ ℃ ℃ ℃ 18.65 1,500 18.91 1,451 19.17 1,431 19.43 1,413 18.66 1,497 18.92 1,450 19.18 1,430 19.44 1,412 18.67 1,494 18.93 1,449 19.19 1,430 19.45 1,411 18.68 1,491 18.94 1,448 19.20 1,429 19.46 1,411 18.69 1,488 18.95 1,447 19.21 1,428 19.47 1,410 18.70 1,485 18.96 1,446 19.22 1,428 19.48 1,409 18.71 1,482 18.97 1,445 19.23 1,427 19.49 1,409 18.72 1,480 18.98 1,444 19.24 1,426 19.50 1,408 18.73 1,477 18.90 1,444 19.25 1,426 19.51 1,407 18.74 1,475 19.00 1,443 19.26 1,425 19.52 1,406 18.75 1,473 19.01 1,442 19.27 1,424 19.53 1,406 18.76 1,472 19.02 1,442 19.28 1,424 19.54 1,405 18.77 1,470 19.03 1,441 19.29 1,423 19.55 1,404 18.78 1,469 19.04 1,440 19.30 1,422 19.56 1,404 18.79 1,468 19.05 1,439 19.31 1,422 19.57 1,403 18.80 1,466 19.06 1,439 19.32 1,421 19.58 1,402 18.81 1,465 19.07 1,438 19.33 1,420 19.59 1,401 18.82 1,463 19.08 1,437 19.34 1,420 19.6 1,401 18.83 1,461 19.09 1,436 19.35 1,419 19.61 1,400 18.84 1,460 19.10 1,436 19.36 1,418 19.62 1,399 18.85 1,458 19.11 1,435 19.37 1,417 19.63 1,398 ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.

9 Operating Temperature Range by TYPE OPERATING SERIES TYPE TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE RANGE RT H 1400～1700℃ ±10℃ RT M 1200～1500℃ ±10℃ RT L 1050～1300℃ ±10℃ RT L1 800～1150℃ ±15℃ RT L2 600～900℃ ±15℃ n How to select an appropriate TYPE * The TYPE is sometimes failed to be selected at the operating temperature. • You can easily select a TYPE in the guideline of the above table if retention time is 2 hours in air atmosphere. For examples, you can select M-TYPE at 1350Deg.C, L-TYPE at 1150Deg.C, and in case of 1250Deg.C, you can select an appropriate TYPE if you make sure which type is closer to the conversion chart in dimension by firing those two types together at your own firing conditions. • Next, if which longer or shorter in retention time than 2 hours, longer retention time shifts a TYPE to high temperature type and shorter retention time shifts to low temperature type. • Unless atmosphere is air, you have to ensure in advance testing at the conditions in consideration of the temperature and retention time. ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.

10 Correlation graph of shrinking dimension-temperature after firing Shrinking dimension after firing (mm) ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved. Temperature (℃)

11 Ordering information & Packaging n Part Number：RT-□（Select from 5 different types based on your own firing temperature） n MOQ：200pcs/Carbon box（50pcs/inner plastic tube ｘ 4 tubes） n Weight: 600g-750g / Carbon box n Standard Price：JPYen40,000/Box (Please let us discuss if more than 10 boxes you need.) excluding freight and duty. n Contact to： n Representative：Mr. Takashi Fukasawa n Company Name：Bond Bothers Co.,Ltd n Location：Yokohama, Kanagawa-Pre. Japan n Mail address：takashi@bond-bros.com n Mobile：+81 (90)-4495-5986 ©Copyright Bond Bros.Co., Ltd. inc. All Rights reserved.