ボタン形ニッケル水素二次電池ハンドブック Sales Program and Technical Handbook　Rechargeable Button Cells NiMH

Rechargeable Button Cells NiMH Sales Program and Technical Handbook www.varta-microbattery.com 6203 0216

Rechargeable Button Cells CONTENT 1. GENERAL INFORMATION 3–8 1.1 Product families 4–6 1.2 General Design and Application Criteria 7 2. ASSORTMENT V...H(T) ROBUST (85) 9–24 2.1 Construction and Electrochemical Processes of NiMH High Rate Button Cells 10 2.2 Features V…H(T) Robust (85) 11 2.3 NiMH High Rate Button Cell Batteries for Bridging, Hot Swap and Memory Protection Applications 12 2.4 NiMH Button Cell Batteries for Memory Protection 13 2.5 NiMH Button Cell Batteries for Bridging Applications 14 2.6 Standard NiMH Button Cell Batteries for Alarm Equipment (Car Alarm, …) 15 2.7 Standard NiMH Button Cell Batteries for Electronic Equipment 16–18 2.8 Charging Methods for NiMH Button Cells Robust Family 19–20 2.9 Recommended Charging Circuits 21 2.10 Charge Table for NiMH Button Cells 22 2.11 Discharge Characteristics of NiMH Button Cells 23 2.12 Discharge Diagram of NiMH Button Cells Robust Family 24 3. ASSORTMENT V...HR(T) POwERFUL (85) 25–38 3.1 Construction and Electrochemical Processes of NiMH High Rate Button Cells 26 3.2 Features V…HR(T) Powerful (85) 27 3.3 NiMH High Rate Button Cell Batteries for Innovative IT and Automotive Applications 28 3.4 Examples of NiMH HIGH RATE Button Cell V…HR(T) Assemblies 29 3.5 Charging methods for Powerful Family 30–31 3.6 Charge Table for NiMH High Rate Button Cells V…HR(T) 32 3.7 Typical Charging Curves at Various Temperatures and Rates Robust (85) 33–34 3.8 Discharge Characteristics of NiMH High Rate Button Cells 35 3.9 Discharge Diagrams of NiMH High Rate Button Cells V…HR(T) Powerful Family 36–37 3.10 Permissible Temperature Range 38 4. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 39–51 4.1 References 39 4.2 Reliability and Life Expectancy 40–41 4.3 Proper use and Handling 42–44 4.4 Transportation, Safety and Recycling Note for Batteries 45 4.5 Storage/Handling 46 4.6 Battery Assembly 47 4.7 Multicell Batteries 48 4.8 Definitions 49–50 4.9 Application Check List 51

1. GENERAL INFORMATION VARTA Microbattery is a leading firm in the field of batteries and provides professional support for customers with engineered design-in applications worldwide. Quality, reliability, high performance and customer satisfaction are the main reasons for our leading position in the market. VARTA Microbattery provides solutions to major OEM companies for high-tech applications such as notebook/pda bridging function, memory backup and real-time clock in PCs/note- books as well as power source for telecom devices, remote control devices, torches, domestic alarms, car alarms, medical equipment, consumer electronics, solar applications and many more. Key Features – Benefits n Safety: built-in pressure vent guarantees safety in case n O vercharge capability: cost effective charging system of mistreatment with no need for special components due to patented n Low self discharge: no handling, no charging – ready GCE electrode to use after storage due to superior self discharge n Deep discharge capability: longer lasting shelf-life with performance high capacity retention after deep discharge n Cycle Life: extended product life time of more than n No leakage: direct mounting on PCB possible due to 1000 cycles (IEC) patented crimp sealing system System highlights of NiMH Button Cells from VARTA Microbattery: n Excellent high-rate discharge characteristics n Good recovery characteristics after long storage period (3 CA/5 CA). For short duration even higher currents and deep discharge can be drained. n 0% lead, 0% mercury and 0% cadmium n No memory effect n UL Recognition n Long life – typical 500 full cycles n ISO 9000 certified for design and manufacture of n Good overcharge capability rechargeable mass type cells and batteries. Conformity n Low self-discharge to requirements of ISO 9001 n Flat discharge voltage n V ARTA Microbattery is a leader of NiMH Button Cell n Slim design technology and received several ecological and industry n wide temperature range awards. - Storage: -40°C up to +65°C/+85°C - Discharge: -20°C up to +65°C/+85°C - Charge: 0°C up to +65°C/+85°C Energy Density for Rechargeable Battery Systems FIG. 1 Comparison of different rechargeable battery systems page 2 | 3

Rechargeable Button Cells 1.1 PRODUCT FAMILIES Four button cell families with specific strengths and features provide the ideal battery solution for any application. Each family has its speciality to provide optimum solution for dedicated application areas. Product Overview Type Designation Type No. Voltage Capacity Diameter Height Length Width Weight (V) (mAh) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (g) V…H robust V 15 H 55602 1.2 16 11.5 3.1 1.3 V 30 H 55603 1.2 28 11.5 3.85 1.3 V 40 H 55604 1.2 43 11.5 5.35 1.7 V 80 H 55608 1.2 80 15.5 6.0 4.0 V 150 H 55615 1.2 150 5.85 14.1 25.6 6.0 V 200 H 55620 1.2 210 7.4 14.1 25.6 7.0 V 250 H 55625 1.2 250 25.1 6.7 10.0 CP 300 H 55630 1.2 300 25.1 7.55 11.0 V 350 H 55635 1.2 380 25.1 8.8 13.0 V…HT robust85C V 65 HT 55707 1.2 70 15.5 6.0 4.0 V 150 HT 55716 1.2 150 5.85 14.1 25.6 6.0 V…HR powerful V 6 HR 55996 1.2 6.2 6.8 2.15 0.28 V 450 HR 55945 1.2 450 5.6 24.1 34.1 12.5 V 600 HR 55960 1.2 600 6.8 24.1 34.1 14.5 V…HRT powerful85C V 18 HRT 55802 1.2 19 11.5 2.3 0.9 V 150 PT 55815 1.2 150 3.6 24.1 34.1 7.5 V 500 HT 55750 1.2 500 6.8 24.2 34.1 14.0 V 600 HRT 55860 1.2 600 6.8 24.1 34.1 14.5 TAB. 1

Capacity Range From V 6 HR to V 600 HRT, from 6 mAh up to 600 mAh – VARTA provides a full programme of rechargeable button cells for all performance requirements. Quality – Made in Germany n Manufactured on highly automated lines n Direct replacement for NiCd n No memory effect n 0% lead, 0% mercury and 0% cadmium n UL Recognition under file BBET2.MH13654 V…H V…HT robust robust85C High performance button cell with superior overcharge High performance button cell with superior overcharge stability and discharge currents ≤ 2 CA. stability and discharge currents ≤ 2 CA at high temperature. Based on mass electrode technology, temperature range Based on mass electrode technology, temperature range -20°C to +65°C. -20°C to +85°C. Typical Applications: Typical Applications: ■ Memory Backup ■ Real Time Clock ■ Mobile Light ■ Industrial Electronics ■ Automotive Applications Type Designation Type No. Voltage (V) Capacity (mAh) Type Designation Type No. Voltage (V) Capacity (mAh) V 15 H 55602 1.2 16 V 65 HT 55707 1.2 70 V 30 H 55603 1.2 28 V 150 HT 55716 1.2 150 V 40 H 55604 1.2 43 V 80 H 55608 1.2 80 V 150 H 55615 1.2 150 V 200 H 55620 1.2 210 V 250 H 55625 1.2 250 CP 300 H 55630 1.2 300 V 350 H 55635 1.2 380 TAB. 2 TAB. 3 page 4 | 5

Rechargeable Button Cells V…HR V…HRT powerful powerful85C High rate button cell with superior load capability for dis- High rate and high temperature button cell with superior load charge currents up to 5 CA. capability for discharge currents up to 5 CA at high temperature. Based on foam electrode technology, temperature range Based on foam electrode technology, temperature range -20 to +65°C. -20 to +85°C. Typical Applications: Typical Applications: ■ Consumer Electronics ■ Health Care Devices ■ Automotive Electronics ■ Server, Computer ■ Wireless Headsets, Headphones ■ Emergency Light, Solar Light Type Designation Type No. Voltage (V) Capacity (mAh) Type Designation Type No. Voltage (V) Capacity (mAh) V 6 HR 55996 1.2 6.2 V 18 HRT 55802 1.2 19 V 450 HR 55945 1.2 450 V 150 PT 55815 1.2 150 V 600 HR 55960 1.2 600 V 500 HT 55750 1.2 500 V 600 HRT 55860 1.2 600 TAB. 4 TAB. 5 Battery Guide Four button cell families with specific strengths and features provide the ideal battery solution V…H robust ++ ++ ++ +++ ++ + + + for any application. V…HT robust85C ++ +++ ++ +++ ++ + ++ ++ V…HR powerful + + + +++ + +++ + + V…HRT powerful85C + + + +++ + ++ ++ ++ TAB. 6 self discharge over- charge deep discharge cycle life storage behaviour high rate capability charge efficiency at high temp. temperature range

1.2 GENERAL DESIGN AND APPLICATION CRITERIA The choice of the most suitable cells or battery types is exclusively related to the type of application and the operating conditions. The most important criteria for selection are as follows: n Type of operation of the cell, i.e. cyclic operation n Temperature during use (continuous sequence of charge/discharge) or standby n Duration and level of load (continuous pulsed) operation, trickle charged n Operating voltage required with voltage limiting values n Available space n Charging conditions n Maximum weight The relevant cell data can be found in the corresponding sections of this catalogue. The data comprises standard values for planning purposes. As such they describe the performance for each cell type and always refer to single cells. For the assembly of batteries we will assist you with all our long experience and expertise. Standard battery assemblies up to 10 cells (12 V nomi- nal voltage) are available. Assemblies with higher numbers of cells are possible under certain application conditions. Ask us – we will advise you. For further orientation and planning, please find a check list on page 51 of this handbook. page 6 | 7

Rechargeable Button Cells

2. ASSORTMENT V…H(T) ROBUST (85)

Rechargeable Button Cells 2.1 C ONSTRUCTION AND ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES OF NIMH BUTTON CELLS A special sealing design maximizes the diffusion path A sealed NiMH Button Cell requires that towards the end and guarantees optimal protection against leakage. The of the charging process, oxygen which is generated at cup of the casing acts as the positive terminal and the the positive electrode must be consumed to avoid pres- lid as the negative terminal. The punched positive sign sure build-up (charge reserve). Additionally a discharge on the cell is used as a safety device which opens at reserve is necessary to prevent degradation of the nega- predetermined internal pressure, in case of gross abuse. tive electrode at the end of discharge. In general the Some cells are interchangeable with 1.5 V primary cells negative electrode is overdimensioned compared with of identical dimensions. the positive, which determines the usable cell capacity (Fig. 2). FIG. 2 Schematic view of a NiMH Button Cell CUP – Nickel-plated steel, acting as positive terminal POSITIVE ELECTRODE (NICKEL HYDROxIDE) – Mainly nickel hydroxide, enclosed in wire mesh wIRE MESH SEALING RING SEPARATOR – Non-woven material having excellent electrical insulation characteristics retaining a suitable amount of electrolyte for ion transport LID – Nickel-plated steel, acting as negative terminal NEGATIVE ELECTRODE (METAL HYDRIDE) – Metal hydride, a hydrogen storage alloy, enclosed in wire mesh Chemical Process of Charging/Discharging Charging NiOOH/Ni(OH)2 + Ni(OH)2 + Metal NiOOH + MH Positive electrode Discharging Charge product of the positive electrode: Nickel (III) oxyhydroxide – NiOOH Useful capacity Charge product of the negative electrode: Metal hydride Negative electrode Discharge product of the positive electrode: Nickel (II) hydroxide – Ni(OH)2 MH-Metal – Discharge product of the negative electrode: Metal alloy Electrolyte: Alkaline solution (KOH) Charge reserve Discharge reserve FIG. 3 Schematic representation of the elec trodes, demonstrating useful capacity, charge reserve and discharge reserve

2.2 FEATURES V…H(T) ROBUST (85) n Cells with typical capacities from 16 up to 380 mAh n L ong life expectancy n N ominal cell voltage 1.2 V n Self-discharge less than 10% after 1 month n w ide operating temperature range at +20°C n Built-in safety device n High temperature range V…HT n UL Recognition - High capacity n Limited fast charge possible (within 3 h at 0.5 CA, at - Long life expectancy +20°C, after fully discharged cells) especially at charging/trickle charging and discharging n Suitable for overcharging at room temperature at higher ambient temperature V 15 H V 30H V 40 H V 80 H V 150 H V 200 H V 250 H CP 300 H V 350 H V 65 HT V 150 HT Order Number 55602 101 501 55603 101 501 55604 101 501 55608 101 501 55615 101 501 55620 101 501 55625 101 501 55630 101 501 55635 101 501 55707 101 501 55716 101 501 Typ. Capacity (mAh) 16 31 43 80 150 210 250 300 380 70 150 Nominal Voltage (V) 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Nom. Capacity (mAh) 15 28 40 70 140 200 240 280 350 65 140 Dimension Diameter/Length (mm) 11.5 -0.1 11.5 -0.1 11.5 -0.2 15.5 -0.1 25.6 -0.2 25.6 -0.15 25.1 -0.15 25.1 -0.15 25.1 -0.15 15.5 -0.2 25.6 -0.2 Height (mm) 3.1 -0.2 3.85 -0.2 5.35 -0.3 6.0 -0.2 5.85 -0.25 7.4 -0.25 6.7 -0.6 7.55 -0.6 8.8 -0.6 6.0 -0.3 5.85 -0.25 width (mm) – – – – 14.1 -0.2 14.1 -0.2 – – – – 14.1 -0.2 weight, approx. (g) 1.3 1.3 1.7 4 6 7 10 11 13 4 6 Charge Method Normal Charging 1.5 3 4 7 14 20 24 28 35 6.5 14 Current for 14 –16 h (mA) Accelerated Charging 3 6 8 14 28 40 48 56 70 13 28 for 7– 8 h (mA) Limited Fast Charge1) 7.5 15 20 35 70 – 120 140 – 32.5 70 for 3 h (mA) Trickle Charge (mA) 0.45 0.9 1.2 2.1 4.2 6.0 7.2 8.4 10.5 1.95 4.2 Overcharge Current at 20 °C For Continuous (mA) 1.5 2 4 7 14 20 24 28 35 6.5 14 Max. 1 year (mA) 3.0 4 8 14 28 40 48 56 70 13 28 Self-discharge < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % < 10 % (1 month storage, 20°C) Operating Temperature Charging 0 to +65°C 0 to +65°C 0 to +65°C 0 to +65°C 0 to +65°C 0 to +65°C 0 to +65°C 0 to +65°C 0 to +85°C 0 to +65°C 0 to +85°C Discharging -20 to +65°C -20 to +65°C -20 to +65°C -20 to +65°C -20 to +65°C -20 to +65°C -20 to +65°C -20 to +65°C -20 to +85°C -20 to +65°C -20 to +85°C Storage -40 to +65°C -40 to +65°C -40 to +65°C -40 to +65°C -40 to +65°C -40 to +65°C -40 to +65°C -40 to +65°C -40 to +85°C -40 to +65°C -40 to +85°C Life Expectancy (typical) IEC Cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles 1000 cycles Trickle Charge at 20°C up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years up to 6 years Trickle Charge at 45°C up to 3 years up to 3 years up to 3 years up to 3 years up to 3 years up to 3 years up to 3 years up to 3 years up to 5 years up to 5 years up to 5 years Impedance / Internal Resistance2) Impedance (mOhm)3) 490 650 420 220 130 140 70 80 80 220 130 Internal Resistance 4.03 6.5 3.05 1.30 0.8 0.8 0.46 0.47 0.47 1.25 0.8 (Ohm)4) TAB. 7 1) After full discharge. Limited fast charge must be limited to room temperature, time controlled, voltage control recommended (except V 200 H, V 350 H). 2) In accordance to IEC 61951-2, measured at charged cells at room temperature. Tolerance ±10%. 3) AC at 1 kHz 4) DC at 0.2 CA/2 CA page 10 | 11 Technical Data V 15 H V 30 H V 40 H V 80 H V 150 H V 200 H V 250 H CP 300 H V 350 H V 65 HT V 150 HT

Rechargeable Button Cells 2.3 N IMH BUTTON CELL BATTERIES FOR BRIDGING, HOT SwAP AND MEMORY PROTECTION APPLICATIONS Bridging Batteries Typical Application Bridging batteries from VARTA Microbattery are opti- n Mobile phones (GSM, PCN, GPRS, DECT, mised in small size and provide high power output for cordless phones) bridging mobile computers e.g. during main battery n GPS-terminals/voice organizers change. Bridging batteries temporary take over the supply of DRAM and other chips in notebooks, PCs, handhelds, calculators, etc. when the main battery is Typical requirement replaced within a certain time frame specified by the manufacturer. n Charging current: 0.03 CA continuous n Discharge current: 30–100 mA1) n Bridging time: 5–15 min. n Operating temperature: 0 to +45°C 1) Proper selection of battery capacity is required. Mobile Computer Applications Mobile computers need even more power. Frequent changing of main batteries should be made easy and convenient. The VARTA HyRate “Hot The VARTA HyRate A single VARTA High Rate Swap” batteries maintain “Bridging” batteries maintain Cell is used in handhelds to the PC operational at high the PC partially operational maintain memory content power levels during at reduced power levels during battery change. exc hange of the main bat- during exchange of the tery. main battery or during some periods of work interruption. MBU/RTC Batteries Typical Application These batteries are designed for memory backup n H andhelds (MBU) and the support of RTC (Real Time Clock) n N otebooks in various electronic applications. Button cell n H i-Fi Systems batteries even in the charged state are suitable n C ar stereo, etc. for wave soldering (tmax. = 10 sec., Tmax. = 265°C).

2.4 NIMH BUTTON CELL BATTERIES FOR MEMORY PROTECTION MBU/RTC Batteries Typical Application These batteries are designed for memory backup n PCs (MBU) and support to RTC (Real Time Clock) in n Notebooks various electronic applications. NiMH Button Cell n Hi-Fi Systems Batteries in the charged state are suitable for wave n Car stereo, etc. soldering (tmax. = 10 sec., Tmax. = 265°C). For further information on other NiMH Button Cell Batteries for memory protection please consult VARTA Microbattery. Mempac S – H 3 / V 15 H 3 55602 703 012 3.6 16 15 42.4 -0.6 17.0 -0.4 10.5 -1 7 2 / V 150 H 2 55615 702 012 2.4 150 140 42.4 -0.6 17.0 -0.4 16.0 -1 15 3 / V 150 H 3 55615 703 012 3.6 150 140 40.3 -0.6 22.2 -0.4 16.0 -1 21 3/V 150 H 3 55615 603 540 3.6 150 140 4/V 150 H 4 55615 604 940 4.8 150 140 5/V 150 H 5 55615 605 940 6.0 150 140 Mempac Flat – H 2 / V 80 H 2 55608 702 012 2.4 80 70 37.0 -0.3 20.0 -0.3 10.0 -1 10 3 / V 80 H 3 55608 703 012 3.6 80 70 55.0 -0.3 20.0 -0.3 10.0 -1 15 Popular Memory Backup Batteries for PC 3 / V 15 H 3 55602 303 0151) 3.6 16 15 10.6 -1 12.4 -0.5 12.4 -0.5 4 2 / V 40 H 2 55604 302 0592) 2.4 43 40 11.0 -1 12.0 -0.5 12.0 -0.5 6 3 / V 40 H 3 55604 303 0592) 3.6 43 40 16.8 -1.5 12.0 -0.5 12.0 -0.5 8 2 / V 80 H 2 55608 303 0121) 2.4 80 70 13.6 -2.2 16.0 -0.5 16.0 -0.5 10 3 / V 80 H 3 55608 303 0592) 3.6 80 70 19.0 -1 16.0 -0.5 16.0 -0.5 15 TAB. 8 Series Mampac S–H, Mempac Flat–H and other standard batteries (for temperature up to +65°C) 1) Stack in shrink sleeve, with solder tags (2 pins) 2) Stack in shrink sleeve, with solder tags (3 pins) 2 / V 40 H 3 / V 40 H 3 / V 80 H Mempac Flat Series Mempac Series (stack in plastic case) page 12 | 13 Type No. of cells Order No. Nominal voltage (V) Typical capacity (mAh) Nominal capacity (mAh) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height without pins (mm) Weight (g)

Rechargeable Button Cells 2.5 NIMH BUTTON CELL BATTERIES FOR BRIDGING APPLICATIONS Bridging Batteries Typical Application Bridging batteries from VARTA Microbattery are opti- n N otebooks mised in small size and provide high power out put n H andhelds for bridging mobile computers e.g. during main n C alculators battery change. Bridging batteries temporarily take over the supply of DRAM and other chips in note- books, PCs, handhelds, calculators, etc. when A typical requirement for example is this: the main battery is replaced within a certain time frame specified by the manufacturer. n Charging current: 0.1CA (+0.03 CA) continuous n D ischarge current: 30–100 mA1) n B ridging time: 5–15 min. n Operating temperature: 0 to +45°C 1) Proper selection of battery capacity is required. NiMH Batteries for Bridging Applications 6 / V 15 H 6 55602 406 0201) 7.2 16 15 72.0 14.5 4.5 10 30 6 / V 40 H 6 55604 406 0121) 7.2 43 40 70.5 14.0 7.0 12 65 TAB. 9 1) Layflat version with wires and connector. Other configurations available on request. 6 / V 15 H 6 / V 40 H (layflat version) (3x2 layflat version) Type No. of cells Order No. Nominal voltage (V) Typical capacity (mAh) Nominal capacity (mAh) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height without pins (mm) Weight (g) Wire length (mm)

2.6 S TANDARD NIMH BUTTON CELL BATTERIES FOR ALARM EQUIPMENT (CAR ALARM, …) Alarm Batteries Typical Application Reliable VARTA Microbattery Alarm Batteries with n C ar alarm equipment high capacity supply power for alarm signals as back n Domestic alarm equipment up or main battery. VARTA Microbattery offers suitable solutions for all different alarm equipments (piezzo, electromagnetic loudspeakers, …). NiMH Batteries for Alarm Equipment 6 / V 150 H 6 55615 306 060 7.2 150 140 28 14 max. 26.5 15.0 max. 37.8 41 6 / V 250 H 6 55625 906 014 7.2 250 240 48 24 52.0 48.0 14.7 65 TAB. 10 Further car alarm batteries in different configurations from 4.8 V up to 10.8 V are available. Please contact VARTA Microbattery. 6 / V 150 H 5/ V 150 HT 5/ V 80 H FIG. 4 Discharge curve for car alarm application with a horn. Discharge of 6 /V 250 H with 4 Ohm horn and typical discharge voltage and discharge current characteristics. page 14 | 15 Type No. of cells Order No. Nominal voltage (V) Typical capacity (mAh), 5 hours Nominal capacity (mAh), 5 hours Discharge current (mA), 0.2 CA Charge current (mA), 14–16 hours Dimensions (mm), l / b Width (mm) Height (mm) Weight (g)

Rechargeable Button Cells 2.7 S TANDARD NIMH BUTTON CELL BATTERIES FOR ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT The VARTA 9V Block is more than a Battery – it is the systems. with its unique modern button cell technology, world’s most consumer-friendly power pack. It is the the VARTA 9V battery vastly outperforms competition in only 9V block that combines the advantages of primary everyday use. Alkaline batteries and traditional secondary NiMH Consumer Friendly Quality – Made in Germany n V ery low self discharge and unmatched shelf life n M anufactured on highly automated lines n Only the VARTA 9V battery can be sold pre-charged n Direct replacement for NiCd and Ready 4 Use, without the need of initial charging n No memory effect n Only the VARTA 9V battery will provide reliable power n 0% lead, 0% mercury and 0% cadmium even if not used for months n U L recognition under file BBET2.MH13654 n Can be re-charged more than 1000 times (IEC) Key Features Typical Application n Overcharge capability: cost-effective charging system n P ocket radios without the need for special components, thanks to n Portable telephones patented GCE electrode n E lectronic calculators n Deep discharge capability: longer shelf life with high n C ordless microphones capacity retention after deep discharge n Remote controls n S afety: built-in pressure vent guarantees absolute n Medical instruments safety in case of mistreatment n S cientific instruments n B attery size is compatible with primary 9V-block n Toys battery and conforms with IEC 6F22, 6LR61. 1) This contact plate is a feature to prevent charging primary 9V-block. we recommend this to Contact plate 1) be adopted at charger designs.

NiMH Batteries for Electronic Equipment V 7/ 8 H R4Use 7 05122 101 501 8.4 180 170 34 17 14–16 48.5 26.6 15.7 48.0 V 6/8 H 6 05422 106 052 7.2 150 140 28 14 14–16 48.5 26.6 15.7 41.0 VARTA Accu Plus Ultra (US-version) V 7/8 H (EcoPack USA) 7 05522 726 501 8.4 150 140 28 14 14–16 48.5 26.6 15.7 47.0 V 7/8 H 7 05622 101 501 8.4 150 140 28 14 14–16 48.5 26.6 15.7 47.0 VARTA Accu Plus Ultra TAB. 11 Note: For further information see also V 150 H (page 11). Comparison of Cycle Stability: 150 mAh / 180 mAh Version page 16 | 17 Type No. of cells Order No. Nominal voltage (V) Typical capacity (mAh), 5 hours Nominal capacity (mAh), 5 hours Discharge current (mA), 0.2 CA Standard charge current (mA) Charge duration (h) Length max. (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Weight (g)

Rechargeable Button Cells Comparison of Self Discharge FIG. 5 Discharge characteristics of V7/ 8H FIG. 6 Discharge curves of V7/ 8H

2.8 C HARGING METHODS FOR NIMH BUTTON CELLS ROBUST FAMILY The most suitable method to fully charge sealed re charge able NiMH Button Cells is the constant current charge for a timed period. Standard Charge Trickle Charge Applicable for all NiMH Button Cell series. Charging is NiMH Button Cells are also suitable for trickle charging. with constant current: 14–16 hours at 0.1 CA. Occasional A large number of applications need the use of cells or overcharging at the nominal charge current (see page batteries which are kept at all times in a fully charged 11) is permissible. In special cases, a 24 hour charge state to guarantee an emergency power supply or a at the nominal current is recommended, to achieve or standby operation. re store the full performance of the cell or battery. To correctly specify a suitable constant charge current This is a normal measure for: regime the following criteria apply: n Initial charge to put into operation n Maximum permissible trickle charge current n First recharge after prolonged storage (see page 11) n D eep-discharged cells and batteries, particularly those n Adjustment of the losses of capacity resulting from which have been discharged into reverse unintentionally self-discharge n Consideration of the charging efficiency as a function of the temperature and charge current Accelerated charge n Minimum recharge time from full discharge Accelerated charge means charging 7–8 hours at To compensate the constant losses by self-discharge 0.2 CA. It is recommended that charging is controlled and to be able to recharge a discharged battery, for by means of a timer. example due to a mains failure, a trickle charge current of 0.03 CA is recommended. At this charge rate a life of up to 6 years (at room Limited Fast Charge with Voltage Control 1) temperature) is to be expected. A reasonable reduction in life expectancy must be considered, when the battery NiMH Button Cells can be fast charged with the charge will be overcharged at the maximum permitted over- rate, specified for each cell. Because of the specific charge current. charge current values this is called a limited fast charge (0.5 CA). It is possible to recharge more than 80% of the nominal capacity within 3 hours. Charging must be terminated after 3 hours. The cells must be fully dis- charged before charged with this method. Limited fast charge is recommended only at room temperature appli- cation. 1) Except V 200 H, V 350 H page 18 | 19

Rechargeable Button Cells Intermittent Trickle Charge NiMH Button Cells can also be charged with this method. As the specified trickle charge is insufficient to fully charge a discharged battery at high temperatures and a constant overcharge at the specified rate or higher limits the life, a modified charging method can be adopted. The following conditions must be observed: n Charging of the discharged battery should take place time-controlled with a high rate possible, e.g. 0.2 CA, to recharge the battery quickly after a mains failure n The following trickle charge should only cover the losses due to self-discharge and stabilise the available capacity For this purpose a two-step charge is applied, one to fully charge the battery and a second for maintenance charging the battery. The first charge is terminated by a simple timer circuit. After every discharge of the battery, regardless of the duration, a full charge is applied, e.g. charging for 7 to 8 hours at 0.2 CA. The trickle charge is however different from the previous methods and takes place at intervals. It is recommended that the intervals last at least 1 minute per hour and are at the accelerated charge rate, e.g. 0.1 to 0.2 CA. In the interest of the life of the battery, however, no more than 10% of the nominal capacity should be recharged per day. This is sufficient to recover com- pletely any losses due to self-discharge. while the component cost for the electronic timing cont rol is not excessive, the necessary transformer for full charge may not be available in every case. Compromises are therefore necessary and may lead, for example, to the reduction of the charge rate in the full charge stage to 0.1 CA. Note: Charging of cells connected in parallel must be avoided (if this cannot be avoided blocking by diodes is recommended).